Why don't pure electric vehicles use lithium batteries instead of lead-acid batteries? With people's hot attention to the batteries of electric vehicles, lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries have been on the hot search list. Recently, many friends asked me: is it better to choose lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries for electric vehicles? This article brings the difference between lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries for electric vehicles. Welcome to reference and learn.
Why do pure electric vehicles use lithium batteries instead of lead-acid batteries?
1. Energy density of lithium battery and lead-acid battery
In terms of energy density, the energy density of lead-acid battery is about 50-70wh / g, while that of lithium battery is about 200-260wh / g. that is to say, the discharge efficiency and endurance of the two batteries are not as high as that of lithium battery under the same weight. Besides, in the new energy market, endurance has always been a just need. If we continue to use lead-acid batteries, then new energy vehicles will not have development.
2. Service life of lithium battery and lead-acid battery
Nowadays, the most popular lithium batteries are iron lithium batteries and ternary lithium batteries. For the iron lithium battery, its cycle times can reach 2000 times, and the ternary lithium battery is slightly inferior to the iron lithium battery, but its cycle times can reach more than 1000 times, but the lead-acid battery cycle times are not over 1000 times, only 300-350 times.
In this way, the service life of lithium battery is about 3-6 times that of lead-acid battery. All the owners who know about new energy vehicles know that the cost of batteries can be replaced by a new electric vehicle. If all the new energy vehicles use lead-acid batteries, they need to be replaced once in less than two or three years on average. Who can stand this?
3. Safety of lithium battery and lead acid battery
The safety of new energy vehicles is also the concern of many owners, because in recent years, the spontaneous combustion events of new energy vehicles burst out one after another, which makes people panic. There are many reasons for the spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles, including frequent battery charging and discharging.
The reason why the lead-acid battery is not used gradually is that if it is charged for a long time, it will produce a lot of hydrogen and oxygen. If these gases are not discharged in time, they will explode when encountering open fire. The lithium battery is safer in this respect.
4. Waterproof and dustproof of lithium battery and lead acid battery
In the aspect of waterproof and dustproof, lead-acid battery is far less than lithium battery. The battery of pure electric vehicle is generally placed on the chassis, so in the daily driving process, it is inevitable to encounter bumps and get wet. It is obvious that the lithium-ion battery with IP67 level is safer than the lead-acid battery.
5. Volume of lithium battery and lead-acid battery
Due to the high density of energy density of lithium battery, the volume of lithium battery is only two-thirds of that of lead-acid battery, and the weight is only one-third of that of lead-acid battery.
6. Charging convenience of lithium battery and lead-acid battery
Lead acid battery is generally fixed in the body because of its heavy weight, and can not be taken out for charging, while lithium tram battery can be taken out for charging directly, so the lithium battery is also better in terms of charging convenience.
7. Environmental protection of lithium battery and lead acid battery
Lead acid batteries are polluted in the process of production, which may be caused by improper recycling; lithium batteries are relatively green. Lithium iron phosphate material does not contain any heavy metals and rare metals, non-toxic, no matter in the production and use of pollution-free, in line with the European ROHS regulations, green environmental protection batteries.
At present, in addition to the ternary lithium battery and lithium iron phosphate battery that are being used by the battery manufacturers of electric vehicles, many automobile manufacturers and battery manufacturers have begun to study the solid-state lithium battery. I believe that with the development of technology, this battery will also be applied to the automobile.
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